UK TeX FAQ -- question 250

### Why doesn't `\verb` work within...?

The LaTeX verbatim commands work by changing category codes. Knuth says of this sort of thing "Some care is needed to get the timing right...", since once the category code has been assigned to a character, it doesn't change. So `\verb` has to assume that it is getting the first look at its parameter text; if it isn't, TeX has already assigned category codes so that `\verb` doesn't have a chance. For example:

        \verb+\error+

will work (typesetting '`\error`'), but

        \newcommand{\unbrace}[1]{#1}
        \unbrace{\verb+\error+}

will not (it will attempt to execute `\error`). Other errors one may encounter are '`\verb` ended by end of line', or even '`\verb` illegal in command argument'.

This is why the LaTeX book insists that verbatim commands must not appear in the argument of any other command; they aren't just fragile, they're quite unusable in any command parameter, regardless of `\protect`ion.

The first question to ask yourself is: "is `\verb` actually necessary?".

- If `\texttt{your text}` produces the same result as `\verb``+``your text``+`, then there's no need of `\verb` in the first place.
- If you're using `\verb` to typeset a URL or email address or the like, then the `\url` command from the url package will help: it doesn't suffer from the problems of `\verb`.
- If you're putting `\verb` into the argument of a boxing command (such as `\fbox`), consider using the `lrbox` environment:

        \newsavebox{\mybox}
        ...
        \begin{lrbox}{\mybox}
          \verb!VerbatimStuff!
        \end{lrbox}
        \fbox{\usebox{\mybox}}

Otherwise, there are three partial solutions to the problem.

- The fancyvrb package defines a command `\VerbatimFootnotes`, which redefines the `\footnotetext` (and hence the `\footnote`) commands in such a way that you can include `\verb` commands in its argument. This approach could in principle be extended to the arguments of other commands, but it can clash with other packages: for example, `\VerbatimFootnotes` interacts poorly with the `para` option to the footmisc package.
- The fancyvrb package defines a command `\SaveVerb`, with a corresponding `\UseVerb` command, that allow you to save and then to reuse the content of its argument; for details of this extremely powerful facility, see the package documentation.

  Rather simpler is the verbdef package, which defines a (robust) command which expands to the verbatim argument given.

- If you have a single character that is giving trouble (in its absence you could simply use `\texttt`), consider using `\string`. ``my\string_name`` typesets the same as `\verb+my_name+`, and will work in the argument of a command. It won't, however, work in a moving argument, and no amount of `\protect`ion will make it work in such a case.

Documentation of both url and verbdef is in the package files.

`fancyvrb.sty`
  macros/latex/contrib/supported/fancyvrb.tar.gz
`url.sty`
  macros/latex/contrib/other/misc/url.sty
`verbdef.sty`
  macros/latex/contrib/other/misc/verbdef.sty